Different countries often use different types of wiring. The most common in England is the final ring wiring, which also received the abbreviated name «ring» (ring). This wiring principle provides for the existence of two independent conductors for phase, neutral and ground in the room for each separately connected load or socket. Consider the types of wiring in more detail.
This scheme allows you to use fairly thin wires during installation, much thinner than with radial wiring. At the same time, the total current they have is the same. The ring works like two radial branches. They work towards each other. The separation point will only depend on the distribution of the load in the middle of the ring. If the load is distributed evenly in two directions, then the current strength in each of them will be no less and no more than half of the total strength. This allows the use of a wire of half the diameter in this type of electrical wiring than in any other. However, in practice it turns out that the load is not always equally distributed over the two wires, so thicker cables are used.
This type of wiring first appears in the UK, approximately between 1942 and 1947. It is widely distributed in England, but much less so in the Republic of Ireland. They also acquire popularity in the Commonwealth of Nations, and this is due to the fact that Britain has previously had a rather important impact on a number of these countries. The annular wiring arises due to the fact that Britain was forced to join the program of massive restructuring of housing due to World War II. At that time there was a very acute shortage of copper, so it was necessary to develop such an electricity supply scheme in which the smaller number would be used. The plan indicated that the new scheme should be based on 13 ampere sockets protected by special fuses. As a result, several projects of forks and outlets appeared other than those that were before. After innovations «survived» only a system with rectangular contacts, the so-called BS 1363. However, the DORMOND system & Smith, which was dominated by round contacts, was used as early as the 1980s in many cities in the United Kingdom.
